The Role of Health Care Systems and Industrial System Engineering in Improvement of Health

Introduction Health Definition Though classical definition of health embraces all dimensions and aspects, there are still needs significant amendments with regard to newly emerged circumstances and contexts.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Role of Health Care Systems and Industrial System Engineering in Improvement of Health specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hence, the World Health Organization defining health â€Å"a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely absence of disease of infirmity† cannot be regarded as an objective evaluation of the entire meanings and concerns of today’s situation (The World Health Organization, as cited in Saracci 1409). At the conceptual level, the definition encounters the most serious challenges, which impair its leading role as far as the conflict between resources and health needs are concerned. To be more specific, the current de finition of health can be confused with the state of happiness. According to Saracci, â€Å"the distinction between health and happiness is crucially relevant in terms of rights, in particular â€Å"positive† rights or entitlements requiring societal actions to ensure that they effectively and fully materialize† (1409). To remove the existing ambivalence, the definition should describe health as a state of well being free of infirmity and disease and a universal human right. Perspectives for Creating an Ideal Health Care Delivery System In order to promote effective health reform and improve the situation with health in a global context, a global perspective on Health Care System should be associated with the introduction of a patient-oriented and innovated system. Hence, delivery of health should be personalized (Valdez et al. 3). Open access and transparency, therefore, enable people to make importance decisions about their health, while focusing more in health promo tion and disease prevention. In this respect, the introduction of industrial systems and engineering in the sphere of health care management will contribute to creating a optimized system of health care. Health Care System: Examining the Main Problems within a Global Context Definition Health care system is a complex network of organizations and agencies whose activities are directed at providing health care to people. Promoting health and introducing disease prevention measures are among the main goals of medical care. In a global context, health issues and problems around the world are monitored by the World Health Organization (Shah n. p.). The agency also controls almost all health care networks in different countries by looking at political, cultural, and national discrepancies. In particular, rights and freedoms related to health, unequal access to health problems, and education and gender issues are analyzed and controlled by the World Health Organization.Advertising Loo king for report on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Physical Fitness and Public Health System Public healthcare system has a potent impact on people’s willingness to engage in physical activities. In this respect, the major goal of public health institution is to provide a persuasive conception of physical fitness for people to be involved into improving their physical and mental health. Therefore, improving health advocacy should become a priority to public activists who should make the population take part in physical activity (Bendtsen 35). In reality, despite the firmly fixed concept, large segments of the world population are not enough active, which increase a high attributable risk for acute disorders. Therefore, the urgent need for a more consistent health-promoting concept is enormous. Working out relevant policies and programs can both economically and socially advance the welfare of the population and remove the need to introduce serious medical interventions (Bendtsen et al. 35). The conception is especially relevant for the developing economies, as well as for the countries where the obesity level exceeds the fixed norms. According to Bendtsen et al., both public health system and the population should be equally willing introduce change into a healthy lifestyle and promote effective physical fitness concepts (36). As a result, the population â€Å"feel great responsibility for their own physical activity levels, but also attribute responsibility for promoting increased physical activity to health care practitioners† (Bendtsen et al. 34). In this respect, a holistic approach should be used to bring in physical activities into a health public sector that, in its turn, can promote this tendency to people. Outlining Problems and Main Barriers for Introducing Improvements to Health Care System Because of unequal access to health care systems, as well as irrational alloc ation of resources, a global system of health care delivery encounters a number of problems. To begin with, health rights of individuals with regard to social, economic, and political aspects differ. Poverty and inequality is the results of the violation of the rights to health (Shah n. p). The shortcomings of the problems relate to inconsistencies in terms of domestic legislations, observance of international declarations and absence of effective prevention and control of diseases. Access to the most essential medical services is also limited in developing countries.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Role of Health Care Systems and Industrial System Engineering in Improvement of Health specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Absence of transparency and equal access is also explained by inefficient information flow and innovative introduction to the sphere of health care. One of the main obstacles to achieving shift s in health care provision is associated with â€Å"structural and cultural traditions in the health care delivery system emphasizing only subsystem improvement and short-term outcomes and rewards† (Valdez et al. 2). Lack of knowledge and experience in handling IT information also hampers the process of improvement and promotion. Along with the problem of unequal access and lack of innovative knowledge, effective management of human resources is another serious obstacle. At this point, human resources management significantly influences the situation in health care system because it identifies major financial circulations (Kabene et al. 3). It is also the main physical capital of health care institutions and, therefore, managers should pay closer attention to training programs for the employees. The effectiveness of work carried out by health care personnel correlates with the benefits and performance the system delivers. In this respect, skills, knowledge, experience, and mo tivations of the individuals are the core pillars of successful management. In case there is a misbalance between physical and human resources, the health care organizations can face a serious problem while maintaining appropriate quality standards. Kabene et al. support the idea that â€Å"HRM practices must be developed in order to find the appropriate balance of workforce supply and the ability of those practitioners to practice effectively and efficiently† (2). As a result, lack of adequate tools, such as those provided by ISE, and absence of experienced staff are contributing factors to recession in health care industry. Facilitators to Achieving Success by introducing Industrial System Engineering to Health Care System Main Facilitators As it has been mentioned before, knowledge innovation faces significant barriers because of a conservative outlook on health care structure. In this respect, increasing awareness of the health care management, as well as recognizing the potential of the Industrial System Engineering can provide new perspectives for development and improvement. In addition, progress in acknowledgement of ISE tools and use of IT equipment can establish a favorable climate for introducing a health care reform (Valdez et al. 4). While introducing ISE tools to health care, the major challenges have been faced. In particular, difficulty in re-formulating an obsolete way of thinking and lack of transparency can be eliminated if consistent measures are taken. Specifically, the ISE solutions will be divided into three steps. The first one involves stimulating innovations with the help of ISE tools that will be combined with a sophisticated nature of medical care (Valdez et al. 6). The next step will focus on accelerating knowledge transfer to solve existing health care problems. Finally, integrating meta-knowledge to promote sustainability and capacity is also an important solution to the problem.Advertising Looking for report on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Action Plan for Introducing ISE Knowledge to Health Care Delivery Before introducing the identified solutions to the health care system, it is necessary to define the areas where the interventions should take place. These areas involve human resource management, capacity structure, current state of technologies, existing knowledge about IT systems, and influence of research practices on information flow (Valdez et al. 15). All these dimensions can be effectively improved through collaboration, training, financing, distribution, and administration. First, the introduction of ISE can contribute to increasing the number of stakeholders involved in improving health care system and promoting negotiations through reforms and projects. The development of partnerships among organizations and industries is also guaranteed. Second, enhancing personnel experience through training will foster the processional development and create a base for career fellowships. Third, innovative technologies c an attract investments and encourage communities to support different IT projects (Valdez et al. 15). Forth, distribution process and facilitate networking and publication of a new research articles, as well as support demonstration project in different health care organizations. Finally, introducing ISE tools is beneficial for effective administration and control of information flow and human resources. Judging from the above presented solutions, effective management of ISE tools within health care system can also advance the quality standards of medical services. Because information flow is one of the most important conditions for successful patient treatment, health care organizations should strive to turn their institutions into state-of-the-art technological centers (Valdez et al. 17). What is more important, presenting innovative ISE methods, health care organizations should introduce a patient-centered approach to treating clients and ensuring high quality and safety of healt h care delivery. Judging from the above-presented concepts and solutions, an ideal health care system will be seen an integrated network with improved linkages and multiple channels for access. In addition, medical services will be delivered to a multi-cultural population irrespective of social, political, and economical conditions. Finally, health care system should be ubiquitous, flexible, and responsible (Valdez et al. 17). Industrial System Engineering and Health Care: Analyzing the Outcomes Apart from promotion health programs, introducing industrial system engineering research into public health system is also crucial for analyzing academic demands and creating effective models for solving problems. Specifically, the industrial engineering can advance the principles of quality improvement and facilitate the studies about innovative support systems (Industrial Systems Engineering n. p.). More importantly, developing computer system to teach people on the methods to eliminate t he risks of incidents is also important. Finally, a matter of patient safety and analysis of practice patters is also necessary for better health care management (Industrial Systems Engineering n. p.). Overall, physical health activities increase people’s awareness of the responsibility they take for their moral and physical health. For instance, programs oriented on smoking cessation, exercise referral schemes, and weight management programs are recognized as highly important. Introducing such programs should result in a significant increase in quality of life, as well as greater people’s involvement in organizing their independent life. Conclusion Health is a multi-faceted notion embracing a variety of concepts and contexts. Public health system, therefore, should take effort to re-organize the health industry and introduce new concepts of physical fitness through the introduction of ISE technologies. Moreover, health care system should also reconsider the role of s port in life of people and provide new programs for patients. At this point, it is possible to work out effective medical intervention along with a set of physical exercises. In particular, introducing effective IT tools can significantly enhance the quality of care and provide high perspective for further development. More importantly, innovated health care centers are more likely to attract investors and non-profit organizations. Works Cited Bendtsen, Preben et al. â€Å"Is There A Demand For Physical Activity Interventions Provided By The Health Care Sector? Findings From A Population Survey.† BMC Public Health 10 (2010): 34-41. Print. Industrial Systems Engineering. Health Systems.2011. Web. https://www.engr.wisc.edu/ Kabene, Stefane, Orchard Carole, Howard John, Soriano Mark, and Raymond Leduc. The Importance of Human Resources Management in Health Care: A Global Context. Human Resources for Health. 4.20 (2006): 1-17. Print. Saracci, Rodolfo. â€Å"The World Health Org anisation Needs To Reconsider Its Definition Of Health.† BMJ: British Medical Journal (International Edition) 314.7091 (1997): 1409-1410. Print. Shah, Anup. â€Å"Health Care Around the World†. Global Issues. 2011. Web. http://www.globalissues.org/article/774/health-care-around-the-world Valdez, Rupa Sheth, Edmond, Ramly, and Patricia Flatley Brennan. Industrial and Systems Engineering and Health Care: Critical Areas of Research. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. 2010: 1-87. Print. This report on The Role of Health Care Systems and Industrial System Engineering in Improvement of Health was written and submitted by user Elian Berg to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Creating a Personal Brand Essay Sample

Creating a Personal Brand Essay Sample Self-Positioning and Creating a Personal Brand Essay Self-Positioning and Creating a Personal Brand Essay In the competitive world of employment and entrepreneurship, it is important to position yourself to facilitate personal development. The term branding has been relegated to companies and celebrities. However, everyone should work on developing a personal brand. Not many individuals focus on cultivating their personal trademarks as they grow in their careers. The brands are important; and they exist to ensure that the development process is smooth and leaves a footprint among colleagues, friends, workplaces, and bosses. A brand is anything that is uniquely associated with an individual. It may be a symbol, name, reputation, emotion, tone, employees, design or even the perceived attitudes that differs the one individual from another (Wilson Blumenthal 2008). Some individuals have created trademarks associated with their names being worth billions of dollars. At a business level, branding is common. Its importance at personal ranges has not been emphasized until about a decade ago. En trepreneurships have realized that as businesses require brands to survive in competitive markets. Therefore, individuals demand self-positioning since they make these firms work (Kramer 2011). The essay is my reflection on the career growth process, involving personal branding and self-positioning to grow as a unique person. As I make plans for career growth, I must focus on the way I appear to the world. Self-positioning and personal branding is the first step to ensure that my name and reputation is interesting and polished. Once people know who I am and begin to identify my specific area of understanding and expertise, I will be on the first step to becoming a required person in my industry or niche. The question is related to the most efficient strategies to ensure that the person becomes recognized by building authority and following. The experiences of every entrepreneur are a proof that hard work and persistence are required for an individual to be successful (Chritton, 2012). In addition to loving what one does, continually learning from others and building a great team around the one’s career development are some of the most important guidelines to creating reputation and a personal brand. When it comes to starting or running a business, the most valuable asset is a person. It is what giv es the one a competitive advantage, helping in driving sales (Quilty, 2013). And while one might set out an excellent business plan, the strategic vision and nous, all the efforts are moot if the standing with potential investors, employees, and customers is not set out. Building the personal reputation does not happen overnight. It is created one block at a time, ensuring that all the requirements are met every step of the way (Bence 2014). There are two desirable differentiating points that I have identified in self-position and constructing myself as a brand. The first one involves self-evaluation, discovering my strengths, skills, talents, and weaknesses. The second one involves developing a unique brand using original and potentially successful methods. The first step is self-discovery. The biggest mistake that one can make is starting the self-positioning process just for the sake of it. People fail to invest time in learning and discovering about what is in their best interests, what they would like to spend their lives on, and how well they are suited for the paths chosen. In my first desirable step towards personal branding, I have decided to take an individual journey towards discovering myself (Schawbel 2013). The key to success is not revolutionary. I have learnt that it is compensated based on one’s passion. In order to discover my passion, I need time to reflect my past, plan my future, and think of the strategies that would contribute to the success. In order to find the one’s desire, the person needs time to think. The one has to find time to carry out the research to find all the requirements of the career. It should be a step by step process. The individual should not rush towards a path to success. Self-evaluation is about figuring out what one plans to do for the rest of the one’s life. I have set the goals that I want to achieve in life, written down a personal brand statement, which involves what my career does include and the path I would like to take. I have also written down a vision and mission statements, as well as created a development plan. The self-evaluation process should also involve the input from experts. One should consult other people such as colleagues on the strengths and weaknesses, but does not have to take it as the specific advice. The description of the brand should also involve one’s personality as described by others. The person should evaluate whether the attributes given by others pertain to them. I have learnt that the brand development process should be planned such that self-impression should match how other people perceive you. Before I enter the second self-branding and positioning process, I plan on selecting a niche. It is to e nsure that I master my domain. The domain means that I have to find an area that does not have many competitors (Grams 2011). I obtain the highest possible probability of success in the chosen domain. Self-evaluation encompasses defining who I am, how I am perceived by others as well as what I want to achieve. In determining who I am, I have analysed my skills. They include abilities, education, and professional experiences. Specialization should also be involved. The key to success is determining what one is good at and capitalizing on improving it. It includes the personality and passion in the career chosen, which is important in guaranteeing that one perfects the career. In determining how I am perceived, I have evaluated my personal relationships. It is done by inquiring what my friends, colleagues, educators, and mentors think about me. This issue is important in evaluating whether whatever they think about me is similar to how I would like to be perceived. In the digital generation, the person’s online reputation is also important in personal branding. It involves what the online search results in search engines and social media reveal about the individual. After hea ring one’s name, the most common thing that happens is searching the names in online platforms to see the history. The digital footprint that one leaves behind is important in self-positioning. It is also essential to evaluate professional relations. It occurs through the inquiry of people that the person meets professional qualities, whose perceptions may not be biased as compared to those of friends and relatives. On what I want to achieve, I have written down all my goals, strategies towards achieving them, and the target audience while developing my personal brand (Banet-Weiser 2012). The second desirable point in my self-positioning process is the actual design and creation of the brand. An individual trademark does not start when the career is begun or graduate from college. It is the process that is cultivated for a long period of time leading to a close association in a long run. After getting to know what I have, having claimed my niche and set my mind towards the target brand, I plan on getting online. I have come up with my personal branding toolkit, which is the sum of all the material required in designing, creating, and marketing my trademark. It comes from the first process, which is self-evaluation. My toolkit is unique such that it has characteristics differentiating me from other individuals not only at school but also as I grow in my career. The first component is my business card. According to the research I have carried out, it does not matter the level I am at, but I should have my own unique business card. It is a very important tool for creatin g official contacts especially during meetings, forums, interviews, and other social functions. The business card contains my picture, contact information, my personal brand statement as well as the contact logo and data. I maintain both the personal and digital business cards, making possible to share them with people as well as through social networks. The distribution of it is an important step towards my self-positioning process. It will ensure that as many people as possible are aware of my skills (van Dijck 2013). My resume is also a part of the personal branding toolkit. I have designed a CV with the cover letter and references. These ones are the typical requirements for job applications and interviews. Every individual requiring a consideration for a job opportunity should have the resume depicting their academic and professional history as well as the personal statements. I will prioritize each document with the custom information depending on the target audience. I also plan on posting my CV in online professional networking sites such as LinkedIn, in order to ensure that it makes it the ultimate social media resume. It will promote my personal brand across the globe as well as making it shareable to billions of people. My personal portfolio creation is as well essential in the self-position process. I plan on creating a web, print and digital portfolio to showcase all the works I have done in the past. It is aimed at convincing people of my skills to accomplish similar results in the fut ure. As I grow in my career, I will update my portfolio every time I succeed in the tasks related to my professional development. The use of social networks such as carbonmade.com will ensure that I can showcase my creative and innovative skills across the world especially when I make great strides in my career. Doing the portfolio will also be my motivation tool (Marwick Boyd 2011). It is related to the fact that I have to work harder each day to ensure that I have something new to add to it and make it unique as compared to my colleagues. The portfolio as well includes taking special consideration in my popular social networks to guarantee that the friends I maintain are important in the career growth. It will show that my Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter and other popular social media accounts are active and contain status updates attracting the professional audience. This process ensures that the classes of persons around me are crucial in my development process. I will contribute to discussions related to my area of expertise to guarantee that I am well known in it. The most unique aspect of my personal branding process will be building relationships. As most people undertake the networking process as involving selling, I will ensure the following fact. My process will be about talking to people and healthy interaction. I have sharpened my networking skills to be about listening rather than trying to sell my brand. The best networkers are those ones being able to build relationships and invest their time in learning about others as well as identifying with them. I will ensure that I connect with people, since it is the best way to build my personal brand and getting my name and reputation out there. As more persons know me and what I can offer, they will be more likely to do business with me or give their recommendations to others. I have learnt that self-promotion is important in brand development (Omojola, 2008). After creating my trademark, I will ensure that I maintain a good and strong reputation. It is best achieved by having the necessary confidence required in sharing my vision and brand with my audience without sounding as if I am selling myself. I will create a plan on how I am going to market my brand to the relevant audience. This process ensures that I pitch my professional knowledge and contacts around other professionals. There are also the points of parity that I will need in order to negate possible weaknesses. One of the main issues is reputation management. According to the advice that I have received from experts, I have learnt the following fact. It may take more than twenty years to build the good reputation, but only five minutes to ruin it. Being guided by that, I will ensure that every step I take is careful and well-calculated. When building a personal brand, it is important to manage the reputation along the whole way. It is not that everyone is going to agree with what I have to say or do online, being in interviews or blogs. It is important to be ready to address the concerns and critics in a professional way to guarantee that I do not ruin my reputation. There is also a need to be mindful to track my social media activity, since it is one of the ways through which millions of people can access my information. To avoid any loopholes in my reputation, it is important to treat social netwo rking sites as the reflection of who I am and what I stand for. It involves treating my updates with care to ensure that a productive activity does not turn into destructive works. The access of social networking sites by other persons has also ruined others’ self-positioning processes (Milo 2013). I will ensure that I secure all my accounts to manage them effectively and appropriately. The second point of parity required to overcome weaknesses in self-positioning is consistency. It is very important that I should always remain motivated despite the challenges I meet on the way. While building the one’s reputation, there are individuals that make their main agenda as breaking a chain of success. There are also some risks associated with career growth such as a failure, rejection by colleagues and other professionals, as well as lapses in innovation and creativity. The input to build the one’s brand is only half the battle in self-positioning. To ensure that the person remains on the upward trend, it is essential to continually monitor what others say and think about you. It is also advisable to continue looking for some ways to grow in the career such as enhancing education, attending professional forums and carrying out the research in new areas and ideas (Banet-Weiser 2012). The one’s reputation is everything to the trademark and positioning. In order to hit my target and annual benchmarks, I will ensure that I follow the way how my target audience perceives me. I will also avoid the influence from negative personalities and individuals while sharing my vision, being motivated to achieve my goals and creating my personal profile. There are some things that I will need to do in the future that I am not doing now in order to achieve the desired positioning level. One of them is thinking beyond individual positioning. I have based my plans, goals, objectives, and strategies towards designing, creating, and developing my personal brand. However, there are different situations that affect an individual especially when one becomes a leader with a strong and good reputation. The challenges that the person faces require taking strong stands and difficult decisions in various situations. The cases may affect the lives of others, thus requiring thinking beyond the individual self-positioning process. There are also other situations affecting employees and customers especially when one grows to become an entrepreneur. The old ways where decisions required going by the rule book are soon changing (Bence 2014). As I grow in my career, I will need to take strong initiatives that may differ from the common ways. It should b e done in order to achieve the desired results not only for my personal brand but also for the benefits of those around me. The tendency to play it safe and just think of my individual position will soon change as I get into the career world. At that time, I will need to change my way of thinking and positioning strategies to accommodate the welfare of others depending on the matter. In the future, I also plan on starting to think of myself as a brand. I am currently in the initial stages of self-positioning and personal branding. It occurs due to the fact that I am at school and have not yet ventured in the career world. As I graduate from it to join the professional environment, I will change my perceptions to act and behave according to the qualities and reputation associated with my brand. I have not yet reached the level that my trademark is well known or positioned whereby people watch my reputation closely (Marwick Boyd 2011). However, after creating my brand, I will understand how it is perceived. It will affect my strategic behaviour. It does not mean that I have to abandon my human nature and start marketing myself as a commodity. It means that I have to choose the specific point of authenticity and stick to it. A strong brand can yield maximum benefits, whether one works in an organization or is leading it. I will have to build up an authentic self in developing my trademark and reputation. I will also have to be more careful in how I carry myself around people and in social networking sites to maintain authenticity and at the same time promote growth.

Introduction and Outline on ;Measles Outbreak in America Research Paper

Introduction and Outline on ;Measles Outbreak in America - Research Paper Example This is an outline of some of the major areas in the research paper, Measles Outbreak in America. Reasons for Vaccination- These are identified as some of the main reasons why American parents should have their children vaccinated against measles, which also aids in taking care of mumps and rubella. It is a highly contagious disease, and for that reason, individuals must be vaccinated against it to prevent a pandemic from happening. Reasons against Vaccination- These surround the highly controversial issues that try to insinuate that the vaccine for measles is slowly giving American children other ailments, for example; autism. This is the biggest challenge when it comes to the vaccination process, where the public is ignorant of what is meant to benefit the entire population, and is slowing the process of eradicating this disease. Factors leading to the differences of opinion- Different research studies that indicate the MMR vaccine is harmful may be among the top reasons why the vaccine is under so much scrutiny. The lack of information also plays a herculean role in reducing the knowledge-base of most Americans when it comes to measles and the vaccine meant to protect the population against it. Recommendations- By identifying what needs to be done in terms of sensitization, the American public can be made aware of what is crucial for their survival, and those of their children. Measles is a killer disease and a high number of most cases can be solved if only the public was educated on the subject of vaccination. The health sector may have its work cut out for them, especially when the population is not aware that what they think is right may actually kill them in the end. Conclusion- Assuming that measles is non-existent does not make it so. People are being infected with this disease, because they chose to assume it was eradicated.

Community issue story Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Community issue story - Essay Example It strongly believed that internet would greatly facilitate local business and increased connectivity would help in planning and execution of programs and projects. Most importantly, Wi-Fi connectivity would introduce new opportunities of innovation in learning, job avenues, government transparency, economic growth etc. The Wi-Fi public internet has increasingly become a major facilitating agent for higher productivity for businesses and citizens alike. The convergence of information technology and communication has emerged as vital ingredient of new age hyper-connectivity that significantly promotes sustainable growth. While many local businesses, especially restaurants and coffee shops offer free internet services to increase their clientele, CID’s new venture is already expected to generate around $400,000 from tax. It is expected that $30,000 would be spent on Wi-Fi and same amount would be used as operational expenses for the pilot testing (Barker, 2012). The benefits of Wi-Fi in downtown areas would increase not only CID’s credibility and impact its economic goals but it would also considerably decrease the digital divide across people coming from different demographic segments. Wi-Fi connectivity on a pilot test basis would help contribute to the viability of the project and expose it huge relevance to businesses, public welfare, government departments and impact on their performance, students and academia in general. The huge benefits of internet connectivity through Wi-Fi promote greater awareness about the myriad businesses and services within specified areas. In the Columbia downtown, free Wi-Fi would hugely aid local entrepreneurs and businesses to attract new customers. At the same time, CID and local government can promote new welfare schemes, programs and policies and seek public feedback for improvements. The free access would also allow students to access necessary information and expand academic knowledge. Report

Transportation System Analysis Of Sri Lanka Tourism Essay

Transportation System Analysis Of Sri Lanka Tourism Essay 1. Canal transportation system was the most effective and popular transportation system in the world as well as in Sri Lanka before the road transportation by vehicles. During Dutch era they developed advance canal transportation system and used very effective and efficient way to fulfill their requirements. 2. As a result of the industrialization, automobile industry and road network systems developed concurrently all over the world and it affected Sri Lanka as well. With that the road transportation became very popular. Due to the fact that it is very efficient compare to canal transportation and ability to reach any required destinations. 3. In the same time population of the world also increased gradually. Due to this peoples life style became complex and requirements increased. In the mean time urbanization was taken place with industrialization. This has affected to Sri Lanka and caused greater influence after the introduction of open economy. Because of these reasons road network system reached its maximum capacity. After that development and expansion of roads were impossible especially in Colombo city area. But vehicle density on to the same existing roads was become more and more. As a result of this, road traffic increased drastically. This caused wastage of time on roads directly affecting productivity of our country. 4. Answer to time wastage on roads was introduction of canal transportation system with existing infrastructure. And how to initialize this facility in scientific way will be discussed in this research. Also it was evident that the existing canal system could be utilized in very efficient way to afore said requirement. Finally it was found out that wastage of time in Colombo city area can be minimized by using existing canal system with some limitation. III CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 5. Thousands of people used to come from various places of the country to Colombo for different purposes. They waste lot of valuable and useful time on the way due to limitation of transport facilities and complex road network system existing at present. 25. The available highways are not able cater new coming vehicle to the roads and leads to wastage of time up to greatest extended. These roads are highly jammed during office and school time. Therefore it has to be eased up by canal transportation to reduce time and spending minimal expense and available resources. It is important to make the best use of existing infrastructure in preference to expansion, wherever practicable. 6. During recent past Sri Lanka had good water bone transport system available in Colombo area for transport men and material. This was very much significant during Dutch era. Therefore, it is evident that this method can be utilized even at present days with little modification to existing water ways. 7. In this research it is expected to prove that traffic conjunction in Colombo, can be over come by using existing canals system and can be minimize time wastage on roads. By using this existing canal system effective and efficient way, we can reduce the time for transportation in Colombo city. CHAPTER II METHODOLOGY STUDY AREA 8. The study area is identified and methodology employed for data collection to carry out to research on field visits and investigations, boat rides and collect relevant data, talking to Naval Personnel, people around the canals and bus passengers, data from the Navy. 9. The study area is demarcated from Kiralapone canal which starts from Diyawanna Oya and feeding from Kotte canal. This Kiralapone canal flows and diverts into two and created Heen Ela from Rajagirya, then 1km down below it is created one more branch and made Dematagoda canal and Kiralapone canal flows further and again making two branches at Havelock town and continue to Wellawatta and other one continue till Dehiwalla. The research was conducted by using cleared area of Wellawatta to Nawala canal. During site visits in two occasions, the following details are gathered and most of the measurements taken the Naval team available at the Canals. The Salient features are as follows. a. Length From Wellawatta to Nawala 1.8km b. Width 9 meters (mean Value) c. Depth 2.1 meters at high tide condition d. Special feature At rains no tide difference take place SCOPE 10. The canal transportation will reduce time and lead to ease up the road traffic at city centre, minimize pollution and helps to reduce respiratory deceases, attracts tourists to the city and make new ventures like boat building industry. 11. This congested canals should be converted into scenic beauty for the city, avoid flood taking place at city centre and protect flora and fauna belongs to these area. The recreational purposes also can be achieved and it will support make health people at the city. This is one of the great opportunities to develop a social integration plan to evaluate living personals close to the canal area by them selves to value their life style. Another added advantage is to promote fishing among the people around the area. PROBLEM STATEMENT 12. The available highways and road network system unable to cater new coming vehicle to the roads and leads to create heavy road traffic and hence it has happened to waste lots of time at the Colombo City. HYPOTHESIS 13. Time factor can be reduced by using canal transportation spending minimal expense, with available resources and the best use of existing infrastructure. GENERAL OBJECTIVES 14. During the research it is expected to find out that usage of canal for transportation will reduce time to move point A to point B, where canals are available. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES 15. As a result of this canal transportation will reduce traffic congestion, improve environment condition either side of the canal, develop the boat industry and related other employment opportunities and improvement of this canal will help the reducing the flood affect in Colombo city. CHAPTER III BACKGROUND 16. The good olden days canals were used for cultivation and irrigation work. The first recorded canal was built in Mesopotamia circa 4000 BC or modern day Iraq and Syria. The Indus Valley Civilization in Pakistan and North India (circa 2600 BC) had sophisticated irrigation and storage systems developed, including the reservoirs built at Garner in 3000 BC. In Egypt, canals date back at least to the time of Pepi I Meryre (reigned 2332-2283 BC), who ordered a canal built to bypass the cataract on the Nile near Aswan. 17. In ancient China, large canals for river transport were established as far back as the Warring States (481-221 BC), the longest one of that period being the Hong Gou (Canal of the Wild Geese), which according to the ancient historian Sima Qian connected the old states of Song, Zhang, Chen, Cai, Cao, and Wei. By far the longest canal was the Grand Canal of China, still the longest canal in the world today. It is 1,794  kilometres (1,115  miles) long and was built to carry the Emperor Yang Guang between Beijing and Hangzhou. The project began in 605 and was completed in 609, although much of the work combined older canals, the oldest section of the canal existing since at least 486 BC. Even in its narrowest urban sections it is rarely less than 30  metres (98  ft) wide  [1]  . 18. Canals were important for the industrial development. Thats why the greatest stimulus to canal systems came from the Industrial Revolution with its need for cheap transport of raw materials and manufactured items. 19. In Europe, particularly Britain and Ireland, and then in the young United States and the Canadian colonies, inland canals preceded the development of railroads during the earliest phase of the Industrial Revolution. The opening of the Sankey Canal in 1757, followed by the Bridgewater Canal in 1761, which halved the price of coal in Liverpool and Manchester, respectively, triggered a period of canal mania in Britain so that between 1760 and 1820 over one hundred canals were built. 20. The history of canal transportation in Colombo City was started in Dutch era. It was exclusively used to transport goods from hinterland to coastal area by Paru (Small Vessel driven by manpower). This tremendous and environmental friendly transportation system is still used some areas of the country in smaller scale. 21. After industrial revolution auto mobile transportation system became popular and with that development of road network system also took place. Presently number of vehicles increased but road network system became limited due to space problem. This causes the traffic congestion especially in Colombo city and as a result, people waste their valuable and useful time in between their destinations. To overcome this problem it can be used existing canal system for transportation men and material in Colombo city. 22. Except Kirullapana Wellawatta canal, rest of the canals are still being used for water draining system of the Colombo city. However, recent past none of these canals have being properly maintained. Presently Sri Lanka Navy is undertaking to clean the Wellawatta canal, Dehiwella canal and Dematagoda canal. 23. The Japan Jabara is the main dilemma which need permanent solution and should be removed 100% from the canals. If not it may leads to suspend operation due sudden engine failures  [2]  . 24. The passenger transportation by boats in canal will reduce time and road traffic congestion at Colombo city. Also this may help cargo transportation by canal reducing road traffic in the city centre. Lt WPHE WIJAYALATH Index No : 10680 CHAPTER IV DATA 25. The available highways are not able cater new coming vehicle to the roads and leads to wastage of time up to greatest extended. These roads are highly jammed during office and school time. Therefore it has to be eased up by canal transportation to reduce time and spending minimal expense and available resources. It is important to make the best use of existing infrastructure in preference to expansion, wherever practicable. 26. In Colombo city traffic congestion depends upon place to place. Therefore it is important that identify those roads and get the overall picture about traffic congestion and use available canal system to minimize the time in effective way.Traffic congestion roads are identified and details indicated down below. a. Galle road congestion is intensified after Moratuwa and stagnated after Dehiwala b. High level road congestion is intensified after Maharagama and stagnated after Nugagoda. c. Low level road congestion is intensified after Kaduwela and stagnated after Kotikawatta. d. Kaduwela road congestion is intensified after Malaba and stagnated after Battaramulla. e. Kandy road congestion is intensified after Kadawatha and stagnated after Kiribathgoda. f. Negambo road congestion is intensified after Welisara and stagnated after Wattle. 29. Traffic data Traffic data within the canal corridor was taken from Road Development Authority (RDA) and it is tabulated below. LOCATION Daily Traffic 2002 2003 2005 2010(projected) Dominos Pizza Sri Jpura Rd 59408 61321 68957 85487 Open University Nawala Rd 29734 30660 34548 44648 Wall Tiles Narahenpita 20234 20770 23903 32705 Apollo Hospital Baseline Rd 23849 24632 30059 36813 Weaving Mills Havelock Rd 48968 50273 56241 67309 Wellawatte Bridge Galle Rd 51298 52937 56941 60311 Table 1 Chart 1 39. Time taken to travel from Wellawatta to Diyawanna by various vehicles, within special time periods during a day. VEHICLE SPECIAL TIME PERIODS OF THE DAY 0630-0830hrs 0830-1600hrs 1600-1800hrs Public transport(bus) 1hrs 15min 1hrs 1hrs 30min Official transport(van) 45min 35min 50min Personnel vehicle(car) 45min 35min 50min Motor bike 35min 30min 40min 41. Time taken to travel from Wellawatta to Nawala by various vehicles, within special time periods during a day. VEHICLE SPECIAL TIME PERIODS OF THE DAY 0630-0830hrs 0830-1600hrs 1600-1800hrs Public transport(bus) 1hrs 50min 1hrs 10min Official transport(van) 50min 40min 1hrs Personnel vehicle(car) 50min 40min 1hrs Motor bike 40min 30min 45min CANALS AND DETAILS 30. Wellawatte Canal The canal 1.8 km in length, and 25 meters wide and the banks are strengthening by Gabion Boxes, Steel sheets and Masonry wall. The open side to the sea is protected by two jetties preventing the formation of a sandbar. Some times canal mouth is stuck by sand due monsoons rains and wind. However it is not created flood hazard for the city centre. On other way this is the most important path way to discharge and regulate water when flood occurred at the City. The canal passes through a residential area and giving fabulous scenic beauty to residence over there. This is fully cleaned and dredged by the Navy and transportation is taking place by the Naval Dingy Boats. Details are as follows. a. Morning starts from Wellawatta 0730 hrs to 0930 hrs b. Evening starts at Open University, Nawala 1600 hrs to 1800 hrs c. FGD (Fiber Glass Dingy) is propelled by 40 Horse Power of Out Board Motors (OBM) using to transport 08 passengers at a time. d. 2.4 liters of fuel burns for the Journey e. Depth of water at centre 2.1 meters at high tide f. People around area are highly supporting the project and putting garbage to the canal is very minimal at the moment. 35. Dehiwalla Canal The canal 3.7 km in length, and 10 meters wide and the banks are strengthening by Gabion Boxes, Steel sheets and Masonry wall. The surrounding area is highly polluted and after putting tremendous effort by the Navy 3.2 km totally cleaned up to 01st July 2010 and rest of the distance in progress. Details are as follows. a. Depth of water at centre 2.7 meters at high tide (as per 01st July 2010) b. Cleaning is taking placed from both the side of the canal. Banks should be strengthen in some places 38. Dematagoda Canal -The canal 8.6 km in length, and 10 meters wide and the banks are strengthening by Gabion Boxes, Steel sheets and Masonry wall. This is already cleaned up to Royal Park by the Navy. TIME TAKEN TO TRAVEL BY BOAT FROM TO TIME DURATION Wellawatta Nawala 15 min Wellawatta Diyawanna(Battaramulla) 30 min 40. Approximately Rs. 26.00 will cost to travel from Wellawatta to Diyawanna (Baththaramulla) and Wellawatta to Nawala Rs. 22.00 by public transport (bus) according to present condition. DETAILS ABOUT CANALS Under mentioned details of canals also have to consider to improve time and to continue with transportation. 31. Work Scope and Action Plan for the Rehabilitation / Maintenance of Wellawatta Canal 32. General Details are as follows. a. Total length : 1.8 km b. Side wall height from water line 5-7 c. Depth of water at center 1 meter at low tide condition d. Width 8 to 10 meters e. Middle of the canal itself and surrounding area was highly polluted and congested and cleaned by the Sri Lanka Navy. 34. Renovating and cleaning is in progressed and contributing lot from the Navy. a. Vegetation is already removed by the Navy and cleaned the surroundings more 90%. Japan Jabara was removed and two branches of Bodi trees at the banks should be sharpened up to avoid disturbance while boats moving. Dredging should be done very sensitive and systematic way considering tide factor. d. Gabion boxes are not the must for each and every place of the banks and ensure to get expert advice from the civil engineers on this matter and renovation should be done accordingly. 36. Work Scope and Action Plan for the Rehabilitation / Maintenance of Dehiwala Canal General Details are as follows. a. Total length 3.7 km b. Side wall height from water line 5-7 c. Depth of water at centre 2 3 d. Width 8 to 10 meters e. Middle of the canal itself and surrounding area is highly polluted and congested and Navy is almost cleaned 3.2 km up to 01st July 2010. 37. Renovating and cleaning is in progressed by Navy team. Need to be removed vegetation at banks. Transfer removed vegetation from the site. c. Take out and transfer floating garbage at the middle of the canal by Floating JCB (Backhoe loader) or Pontoon JCB. Dredging should be done very sensitive and systematic way considering tide factor. Gabion boxes are not the must for each and every place of the banks and ensure to get expert advice from the civil engineers on this matter and renovation should be done accordingly. MISCELLANEOUS FACTORS 26. The boat and height factor of the bridges to be highly considered when concidering time and required to go through following tabulated details. Bridge Minimum Vertical Clearance in meters Rainy Days At High Tide At Low Tide Ethul Kotte Pizza 0.9 2.56 2.85 Water Line Kotte Above 3 meters Above 4-5 meters Above 4-5 meters Open University Gate No -01 0.5 1.7 2 Open University Gate No -02 0.4 1.8 2.1 Railway Bridge Above 3 meters Above 5 meters Above 5 meters Baseline Road at Polhangoda 0.6 meters 2 2.2 Havlock Town Bridge 0.8 2.1 2.3 Duplication Road Bridge 2 3 3.3 Gall Road Above 3 meters Above 4 meters Above 4 meters Note This was for Fiber Glass Dingy and More capacity boat clearance will be lesser than this and give endanger for passengers in high tide conditions. In rainy days this will able to work out. BUS PASSENGERS INTERVIEW 43. The bus passengers interview were carried out to identify bus passengers travel patterns and transferring locations including office and school time. And also to whether they are ready take up new transport mode or not. The details were gathered from people at the bus stops and the stands. Survey Location Number of Passengers Remarks Wellawatta 5 Ready to go by boat Havlock Town 10 Ready to go by boat Nawala 10 Ready to go by boat Rajagiriya 5 Ready to go by boat Battaramulla 5 Ready to go by boat Base line road 6 Ready to go by boat PRESENT DEVELOPMENTS 25. The Sri Lanka Navy is started the commuter service for Open University students for free of cost by using Fibre Glass Dingy from Wellawatta to Nawala. It is already made huge impact to the society and urged people to think on this fabulous environmental friendly transportation service. Due more response from the people of the society, the Navy is trying to enhanced commuter service introducing more capacity for this event. The Navy engineers were already trailed 21 number passenger capacity boats with three different types of (Out Board Motor) OBM and identified the most suitable one. The trail details are as follows. Out Board Motors 115hp 75hp 40hp No of Passengers 21 21 21 Approx. Time taken (From Nawala to Wellawatte) 17 Min 15 Min 15 Min Fuel consumption 6 ltrs 4 ltrs 3 ltrs Average cost (Rs) 35.71 24.76 18.00 TABLE-1 CHAPTER V ANALYSIS 25. According to the hypothesis time taken by canal transportation suppose to be lesser than road transportation. Following data can be use to analyse the condition. From Wellawatta to Diyawanna (Battaramulla) Public transport(bus) 1hrs 15min 1hrs 1hrs 30min Average time taken by bus = (1hrs 15min + 1hrs + 1hrs 30min) 3 = 1 hrs 15min Average time taken by boat = 30 min Time difference = 1hrs 15 min 30 min = 45 min ====== From Wellawatta to Nawala Public transport(bus) 1hrs 50min 1hrs 10min Average time taken by bus = (1hrs + 50 min + 1hrs 10min) 3 = 1 hrs Average time taken by boat = 15 min Time difference = 1hrs- 15min = 45 min ======

How free were blacks in the north Essay

Blacks weren’t as free as people made them out to be, they still had restrictions. I am writing this to make it clear that blacks weren’t absolutely free in the north; they still had rules and weren’t treated equally. If you look at the years between 1800 and 1860 you will see how free they were freer when they were slaves. In this essay I will be addressing the different kind of rights, such as social freedom, the black church, Political and Judicial rights, and education and jobs. Blacks in the North had freedoms and restrictions some of the restrictions and freedoms in social freedom are discussed below. Charles Mackay stated in his travels, â€Å"We shall not buy nor sell him†. Now this may sound like a good thing, and maybe it is but right after that he stated, â€Å"We shall not associate with him†. The white northerners didn’t want to have anything to do with the black society. He said for the white society to let the black man know his place and keep it. Even though they weren’t being sold and bought they still had rules to follow. They were free enough to not be bought and sold like cattle, but was not free enough to dwell with white northerners and this is why I think it is the most important issue at hand. In this paragraph I chose to address Document D; Black Church. In this document it’s a photograph that shows black people congregating and worshiping at a black church. The church was more than just a place to worship, they ran a literary club, Sunday school, published a newspaper, hosted abolitionist meetings, and provided a refuge for fugitive slaves. The church was like an escape for black people. Although they didn’t have much to work with they made it work. In my opinion that’s what made them free to me. According to the document note, the three services provided by the black church before the civil, to fight for social causes such as voting rights, temperance and abolition. Even if the church was just a barn or shack they made it possible to worship and be religiously free in their own way. I go further into the DBQ packet to address political and judicial rights.

The Impact of Globalization on the Economy

The impact of globalization on the economy Globalization is one of the main features of modern society. Today it covers almost all spheres of human activity, and its influence becomes more and more obvious. To talk about the effects of globalization, it is necessary to understand its nature and the factors, sources, which led to its emergence. Today majority of scientists agree that economic globalization â€Å"is the increasing economic interdependence of national economies across the world through a rapid increase in cross-border movement of goods, service, technology, and capital†.There are several sources of globalization. The first factor is technological advances. E-mail, the Internet, and the World Wide Web have significantly lowered the costs of transportation and communication in international trade and in doing business by and large. Next reason of globalization is trade liberalization that has led to more liberal world trading system. And finally source of globaliza tion is creating globalized media, the arts, and popular culture with the widespread use of the English language for global communication.Of course there is not a complete list of the factors of globalization, but in my opinion, those mentioned sources are the most important. Globalization has significant impacts on all economies of the world, with various effects. There are heated debates around positive and negative effects of globalization. Leading pro-globalization arguments make a strong case that globalization is simply the industrial revolution that rationalizes economic activity everywhere. For instance, it affects countries’ production of goods and services.It also affects investment, both in physical capital and in human capital. It also has major effects on efficiency, productivity and competitiveness. On the other hand, scientists consider about so-called paradox of globalization: in many cases, the gap between the rich and the poor is increasingly widening. An ar rival of foreign companies and foreign capital creates a reduction of unemployment and poverty; however it can also increase the wage gap between well-educated, skilled workers and those who are not. In the short term, some of the poor will become poorer.The arrival of foreign companies into developing countries increases employment in many sectors. But those foreign companies arrive with the new technology, which extends across the country. Automation, especially in the manufacturing and agricultural sectors reduces the need for unskilled laborers. As a result, employment rate in these sectors falls. To sum up, globalization is a complex process that works in various ways and has different effects. In my opinion, some solutions are needed to reduce negative impacts of globalization and to find happy medium between developed and developing countries.